How Indigenous Names and Languages Are Reshaping Global Diplomacy, by Naseem Qader
In recent years, the reclaiming of indigenous names and languages by nations that were once colonized has gained significant momentum. This movement is not merely about returning to cultural roots; it serves as a powerful tool in soft power diplomacy that allows nations to redefine their global identity and assert cultural sovereignty. Countries like India (Bharat), Turkey (Türkiye), and Zimbabwe (formerly Rhodesia) are at the forefront of this shift, using their pre-colonial identities to transform how they are perceived globally.
Language as a Soft Power Strategy
Language has always been central to soft power diplomacy—the ability of nations to influence others through attraction rather than coercion. During the colonial period, European powers imposed languages like English and French as a way to enforce cultural dominance and suppress indigenous identities. Today, countries are reclaiming their linguistic heritage to promote authentic narratives and reconnect with their pre-colonial histories, allowing them to reshape their global perception.
For instance, India’s growing emphasis on using the name Bharat ties its identity to ancient cultural roots, portraying the nation as rich in history and culture. This move resonates with global audiences seeking authenticity and cultural depth, elevating India’s stature while fostering a strong sense of national pride. However, critics argue that name changes alone may not be enough to significantly influence global standing without strong economic and political backing.
Public Diplomacy Through Cultural Reclamation
Reclaiming indigenous names and reviving lost languages are also forms of public diplomacy. These actions assert cultural autonomy and reject colonial legacies. For example, Turkey’s transition from “Turkey” to Türkiye is a powerful statement, shedding its Western-imposed identity in favor of a culturally authentic one. This renaming aligns with Turkey’s ambition to position itself as a self-determined and influential player in global affairs.
Similarly, Zimbabwe’s renaming from Rhodesia symbolized a rejection of its colonial past and a return to African identity. The change reframed Zimbabwe’s global identity as an independent nation rooted in its own history. Yet, as with other name changes, some argue that symbolic actions like these must be accompanied by significant diplomatic or economic successes to have lasting global influence.
The Revival of Indigenous Languages
Beyond name changes, the revival of indigenous languages further strengthens cultural identity and international standing. New Zealand has made strides in promoting Te Reo Māori, and South Africa recognizes 11 official languages as part of its commitment to cultural inclusivity. By promoting indigenous languages in schools, media, and governance, these countries project an image of diversity and resilience, enhancing their global appeal. However, the question remains whether this cultural revival alone can significantly elevate their influence in a world that often prioritizes economic and political power.
The United Nations’ International Decade of Indigenous Languages (2022–2032) further emphasizes the importance of preserving and promoting indigenous languages as key diplomatic tools for fostering cross-cultural understanding and building stronger diplomatic relations.
Post-Colonial Soft Power: A Rising Force
This ongoing movement to reclaim indigenous names and languages is reshaping the landscape of modern diplomacy. Countries like India, Türkiye, Zimbabwe, and New Zealand are leveraging their cultural revival efforts to project authenticity, sovereignty, and cultural pride. These actions resonate deeply with global audiences who value authenticity, positioning these nations as leaders in post-colonial soft power.
However, while these moves are symbolic and culturally important, critics suggest that cultural revival alone may not always translate into lasting global influence. Without sustained economic growth or significant political leadership, some argue that the impact of such symbolic actions might be limited. For example, while Turkey’s rebranding enhances its cultural sovereignty, its long-term influence will depend on how effectively it can assert itself in global economic and geopolitical arenas.
Balancing Cultural Revival with Global Influence
Reclaiming indigenous names and languages is a critical aspect of post-colonial soft power, and nations like India, Türkiye, and New Zealand are leading the charge. These countries have demonstrated that cultural reclamation can serve as an effective form of public diplomacy and global identity building. However, to maximize their soft power potential, these efforts must be supported by economic strength and political leadership to ensure lasting global influence.
As the movement to reclaim indigenous identities grows, nations will need to strike a balance between cultural revival and geopolitical strategy, offering not just symbolism but substantive leadership in global affairs.
Naseem Qader currently serves on the Board of Directors for the World Affairs Council of America (WACA), headquartered in Washington D.C., and its affiliate in Orange County, California.